The protocol begins with Vortex Fluidic Device (VFD) treatment of a mixture of proteinase K and the frozen, then broken-up tissue. The reaction mixture is next processed to remove solids and DNA polymerase inhibitors. The recovered DNA is then purified and concentrated. Finally, the DNA is amplified, quantified, and characterized by (B) qPCR and (C) DNA sequencing of the samples. Credit: PLOS ONE
DNA proteins extracted using a vortex fluidic device (VFD) could help answer important questions about extinct and ancient museum specimens.
DNA in preserved museum specimens can allow scientists to explore the history of species and humanity’s impact on the ecosystem, but samples are typically preserved in formaldehyde which can damage DNA and make it very difficult to recover.
Researchers have used a vortex fluidic device (VFD) to speed up DNA extraction from an American lobster preserved in formaldehyde — with the results providing a roadmap for exploring DNA from millions of valuable and even extinct species in museums worldwide.
Flinders Ph.D. candidate Jessica Phillips says processing the preserved tissue from museum specimens in the VFD breaks apart proteins, releasing DNA which offers important historical genetic information.
Jessica Phillips with Vortex Fluidic Device at Flinders University. Credit: Flinders University
“DNA extraction is achieved by processing the preserved tissue in an enzyme solution in the VFD. This enzyme breaks apart the proteins, releasing the DNA which can be analyzed. By using the VFD we are able to accelerate this process from days to hours,” says Ms. Phillips.
“For 150 years these samples have been preserved in formaldehyde which can damage the DNA and also make DNA difficult to recover. We used mechanical energy in a vortex fluidic device (VFD) to accelerate the extraction by processing the preserved tissue in an enzyme solution in the VFD.”
This work is a collaboration between University of California, Irvine (UCI), The Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University, and Flinders University.
Researchers say the results provide a roadmap for exploring DNA from millions of historical and even extinct species in museums worldwide.
Research Chair of Clean Technology Research Professor Colin Raston says the work builds on the body of about 80 papers that his research group has published about the vortex fluidic device.
“Applications of the VFD are rapidly expanding, but this has only been possibly by internal collaboration. The DNA extraction application involved collaboration with two other research laboratories headed by Professor Greg Weiss at UCI and Professor Peter Girguis at Harvard.”
“We have only scratched the surface about what is possible for this device,” says Professor Raston.”
Reference: “Vortex fluidics-mediated DNA rescue from formalin-fixed museum specimens” by Christian A. Totoiu, Jessica M. Phillips, Aspen T. Reese, Sudipta Majumdar, Peter R. Girguis, Colin L. Raston and Gregory A. Weiss, 30 January 2020, PLOS ONE.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225807
Source: SciTechDaily
